RGPV NOTES HUB • EXAM INTELLIGENCE

CY-405 DBMS
PYQ Analysis

Six-paper analysis of RGPV CY-405 (Database Management System), covering June 2022 to June 2025. Identify repeated concepts, high-yield topics, problem-solving patterns and the best preparation order.

6 Papers Analyzed70 Marks3 HoursAttempt Any 5

Six Papers Analyzed

The source set used for this PYQ intelligence page.

June 2022
J22
  • SQL joins & aggregates
  • 2NF + lossless join
  • Recovery & query processing
June 2023
J23
  • FD closure & candidate keys
  • BCNF decomposition
  • Serializability & checkpoint
November 2023
N23
  • 1NF/2NF/4NF + BCNF
  • Closure problems
  • Timestamp & deadlock
June 2024
J24
  • ER + relational algebra
  • FD + lossless join
  • Hashing
December 2024
D24
  • Normalization to 3NF
  • 2PL + serializability
  • Query optimization
June 2025
J25
  • 3NF/BCNF + lossless join
  • Timestamp + 2PL
  • Indexing & views

Quick PYQ Signals

6/6

ER-related concepts

Appeared in every analyzed paper.

6/6

FD / Normalization

Repeated through definitions and problems.

5/6+

Concurrency block

Schedules, serializability, locks, timestamp, deadlock.

5/6

SQL / Querying

SQL or relational-query concepts recur strongly.

Recurring Topic Frequency

Frequency is based on the six papers analyzed; related subtopics are grouped into broader concept blocks.

Concept BlockApprox. PapersPriorityWhat RGPV Asked
Functional Dependency / Normalization6 / 6S++FD, closure, keys, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF, lossless decomposition
ER Model6 / 6S++Entities, attributes, relationships, strong/weak entities, ER diagrams
Concurrency / Transactions5+ / 6S+Schedules, serializability, 2PL, timestamp, deadlock, recoverability
SQL / Relational Querying5+ / 6S+DDL, SELECT, joins, aggregates, UNION/INTERSECTION, views, triggers
Indexing / Hashing5 / 6A+Primary/secondary/clustering, multilevel, static/extendible hashing
Query Processing / Optimization4 / 6AProcessing phases, optimization, cost and performance
Recovery4 / 6ALog, checkpoint, shadow paging, recoverability

Top 25 High-Yield Topics

Best order for focused exam preparation.

1Functional DependencyS++
2Attribute ClosureS++
3Candidate KeysS++
42NFS++
53NFS++
6BCNFS++
7Lossless Join DecompositionS++
8Dependency PreservationS+
9ER Model + ER DiagramS++
10Conflict SerializabilityS+
11Precedence GraphS+
122PLS+
13Timestamp OrderingA+
14DeadlockA+
15SchedulesS+
16Relational AlgebraA+
17SQL QueriesS+
18JoinsA+
19Aggregate FunctionsA
20IndexingS+
21HashingA+
22Query ProcessingA
23Query OptimizationA
24Recovery & RecoverabilityA
25Integrity ConstraintsA

Five Master Study Blocks

Use these blocks instead of memorizing individual PYQs.

BLOCK 1

ER + Relational Fundamentals

DBMS architecture, data abstraction, file system vs DBMS, ER model, entities, attributes, keys and integrity constraints.

BLOCK 2

Relational Algebra + SQL

Selection, projection, joins, union, intersection, difference, SQL DDL/DML, queries, views and triggers.

BLOCK 3

Normalization

FD, closure, candidate keys, 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF, 4NF, lossless decomposition and dependency preservation.

BLOCK 4

Transactions + Concurrency

ACID, states, schedules, serializability, precedence graph, locking, 2PL, timestamp, deadlock and recoverability.

BLOCK 5

Storage + Indexing

File organization, secondary storage, primary/secondary/clustering index, multilevel index, hashing, B/B+ tree.

BLOCK 6

Query Processing + Recovery

Query phases, optimization, cost, log, checkpoint, shadow paging, deferred/immediate update and recovery.

Problem-Solving Questions You Must Practice

These are the recurring practical patterns visible in the papers.

Normalization Problems

  1. Find attribute closure.
  2. Find all candidate keys.
  3. Identify the highest normal form.
  4. Convert a relation to 2NF.
  5. Convert a relation to 3NF.
  6. Decompose a relation into BCNF.
  7. Check lossless join.
  8. Check dependency preservation.

Concurrency Problems

  1. Classify serial and non-serial schedules.
  2. Find conflicting operations.
  3. Construct a precedence graph.
  4. Test conflict serializability.
  5. Find equivalent serial order.
  6. Apply 2PL concepts.
  7. Analyze deadlock situations.
  8. Understand timestamp ordering.

Relational Algebra / SQL

  1. Selection and projection.
  2. Joins and outer joins.
  3. UNION and INTERSECTION.
  4. Aggregate queries.
  5. GROUP BY and HAVING.
  6. Subqueries and conditions.
  7. Views and triggers.

Indexing / Hashing

  1. Primary vs secondary index.
  2. Single vs multilevel index.
  3. Clustering index.
  4. Dense vs sparse index.
  5. Static hashing.
  6. Extendible hashing.
  7. B-Tree and B+ Tree basics.

How RGPV Changes the Question

The same concept is often tested using different command words.

REMEMBER“Define Functional Dependency.”
UNDERSTAND“Explain the importance of Functional Dependency in normalization.”
APPLY“Compute attribute closure and find candidate keys.”
ANALYZE“Determine whether a relation is in 2NF/3NF/BCNF.”
DESIGN“Decompose the relation into BCNF and ensure lossless join.”
EVALUATE“Evaluate 2PL / serializability / query optimization.”

Best Exam Strategy

Core rule: Do not memorize six papers word-for-word. Master the recurring concepts and practice each in theory + solved-problem + 14-mark answer form.

1. First Priority

Functional Dependency → Closure → Candidate Key → 2NF → 3NF → BCNF → Lossless Join.

2. Second Priority

Transactions → Schedules → Serializability → Precedence Graph → 2PL → Timestamp → Deadlock.

3. Scoring Areas

ER diagrams, relational algebra, SQL queries, indexing and hashing should be practiced with examples.

Last-Night Top 15

If time is extremely limited.

  1. Functional Dependency + Attribute Closure
  2. Candidate Key
  3. 2NF
  4. 3NF
  5. BCNF
  6. Lossless Join + Dependency Preservation
  7. ER Diagram + Strong/Weak Entity
  8. Relational Algebra
  9. Conflict Serializability + Precedence Graph
  10. 2PL
  11. Timestamp Ordering
  12. Deadlock
  13. Primary/Secondary/Multilevel Index
  14. Static/Extendible Hashing
  15. SQL Queries + UNION/INTERSECTION + Views/Triggers
Important: This page is a PYQ-based preparation analysis of the six CY-405 papers supplied for analysis: June 2022, June 2023, November 2023, June 2024, December 2024 and June 2025. Frequency groupings combine closely related subtopics, so they are not official RGPV syllabus weightages or predictions.